EFFECT OF PRE-SOWING SEED TREATMENT ON YIELD ATTRIBUTING CHARACTERS AND SEED YIELD IN FLOWER CROPS
Keywords:
PRE-SOWING SEED, YIELD, SEED YIELD, FLOWER CROPS
Abstract
Management techniques are warranted in any production practices. Pre-sowing seed management practices have drawn the attention of the scientist from time immemorial for boosting the potentiality of the seed at store and field including nursery. Rapid and uniform field emergence is the two essential pre requisite to increase the yield, quality and ultimately the profits in annual crops (Parera and Cantliffe, 1994). Pre-sowing invigoration is one such technological highlight focused to the above goals. Pre- sowing seed invigoration treatments are numbered many by the researchers (Sundaralingam et al., 2001) and all are claimed to have invigorative effect at field for enhancing the yield of crop to a tune of 10-15 per cent (Vijayakumar et al., 1988).
References
Bose, S., & Kapur, P. (1969). Breeding and the use of gibberellic acid to increase seed production in pansy (Viola tricolor L.). Bull. Bot. Surv. India, 1(3&4), 445-447.
Renard, H. A., & Clere P. (1978). Dormany breaking with gibberellins in four species, Impatiens balsamina, Lavandula angustifolia, Brassica rapa and Viola odorata. Seed Sci. and Technol., 6(3), 661-677.
William, J. C. (1991). Priming improves high-temperature germination to pansy seed. Hort. Sci., 26(5), 541-544.
Sharga, A. N., Motial, U. S., & Basario, K. K. (1970). The effect of GA3 (Seed treatment) on the germination, vegetative growth, quantity and quality of marigold flowers. Sci. and Cult., 36, 279-280.
Selvaraju, P., & Selvaraj, J. A. (1994). Effect of presowing treatments on germination and vigour of seed in marigold (Tagetes patula L.). Madras Agric. J., 81(9), 496-497.
Hartwigsen, J. A., & Evans, M. R. (2000). Humic acid and substance treatments promotes seedling root development. Hort. Science, 35(7), 1231-1233.
Thompson, P. A. (1970). Effect of temperature, chilling and treatment with gibberellins on the germination of primila species. J. Hort. Sci., 45, 175-185.
Chavagnat, B. (1981). Erude de la germination des semences de prumula obconisa. Seed Sci. & Technol., 577-586.
Miller, E. A., & Holcombj E. J. (1982). Effect of GA3 on germination of Primula vulgaris Huds and Primula x pulyantha. Hort. Sci., 17(5), 814-815.
Finch-Savage, W. E., Gary, D., & Dickson, G. M. (1991). Germination responses to seven bedding plant species to environmental condition and gibberallic acid. Seed Sci. &Technol., 19, 487-494.
Heit, C. E. (1971). Germination studies with geranium seed. In Proceedings of the Association of official seed Analysts, 61, 105- 111.
Vorobeva, V. F. (1977). Changes in the morphological characteristics and developmental rhythm of china asters under the influence of bacterial fertilizers. Seed Abstr. 1(7), 189.
Serebryakova, N. V., & Kalanova, A. I. (1977). The effect of water-soluble vitamins on rose seed germination and rooting of cuttings. Seed Abstr. 1(7), 188.
Renard, H. A., & Clera, P. (1978). Dormany breaking with gibberellins in four species, Impatiens balsamina, Lavandula angustifolia, Brassica rapa & Viola odorata. Seed Sci. & Technol., 6(3), 661-677.
Bose, S., & Basu, S. (1967). Plant growth, flowering and fruiting in Impatiens balsamina L. Following seed treatment with diethyl sulphate. Sci. and cult. 33, 378-379.
Jouret, M. F. (1977). Gibberellic acid and seed dormancy breaking in Impatiens paliflora, T. glanduliflora and T. balfourii. Hort. Abstr., 48(6), 510.
Persson, B. (1993). Enhancement of seed germination in ornamental plants by growth regulators infused via. acetone. Seed Sci. and Tech., 21(2), 281-290.
Venter, H. A. (1978). Effect of various treatments on germination of dormant seeds of Strelitizia reginae Ait. J. of South African Bot., 34(2), 103-110.
Barkar, G. J. (1980). Effect of seed treatments with gibbernelic acid on germination of winter annuals. South Indian Hort., 28(2), 60-61.
Xu, B. M., & Z. H. Gu. (1985). Effect of sulphuric acid treatment in breaking dormancy in hard seeds. Plant Physiology Communications, 2, 22-25.
Hetman, J., Laskowska, J., Durlale, W., & Martyn, W. (1996). Preliminary studies on the possibility of utilizing acrylic gels for seed dressing of some ornamental species. Seed Abstr. 20(2), 486.
Grimstad, S. O. (1986). Effect of GA3, temperature and storage on seed germination of beather (Callina vulgaris) Hort. Abstr. 56(2), 129.
Lee, S. W., & Lee, J. M. (1986). Effect of cultivar, sowing media. Seed size and gibberellin treatment on seed germination and seedling growth in Cyclamen persicum. J. Korean society for Horticultural Science, 27(3), 283-288.
Gonzalez, P. & Villalobes, E. (1988). Breaking seed dormancy in Petania hybrida with gibberellic acid and stratification treatments. Agronomae Costaricense, 12(1), 19-25.
Gonzalez, P. & Viualbos, E. (1991). Breaking seed dormancy in petunia hybrida with GA3 and stratification treatments. Seed Abstr. 14(11/12), 473.
Finch-Savage, W. E., Gary, D., & Dickson, G. M. (1991). Germination responses to seven bedding plant species to environmental condition and gibberallic acid. Seed Sci. &Technol., 19, 487-494.
Abdallah, M. M. F., Jones, R. A., & El-Betagy, A. S. (1989). An efficient method of overcome seeds dormancy in scotch hroom (Cytisus scooparitus). Envtal and Exptal Botany, 29(4), 499-505.
Grezesik, M., & Chojnowski, M. (1992). Effect of growth regulators on plant growth and seed yield of Zinnia elegans, Red Man’s. Seed Sci. & Technol., 20(2), 327-330.
Grezesik, M. (1989). Effect of growth regulators on the seedling growth of Lathyrus odoratus, Zinnia elagans, Matthiala incana and Antirrhinum majus. Acta Horticultura, 251, 71-74.
Blamowski, Z. K., & Borowski, E. (1995). Effects of long chairm aliphatic alcohols on seed germination and seedlings growth of Allium crpa L. and Zinnia elegans Jacq. Seed Abstr. 20(8), 351.
Ogawa, K. & Iwabushi, M. (2001). A maturation for promoting the germination of Zennia elegans seeds by hydrogen peroxide. Plant Cell and Bioassay, 42(3), 286-291.
Grezesik, M. (1995). Effect of growth regulators on plant growth and seed yield of Matthiola incanol Brilliant. “Barbera”. Seed Sci. & Technol., 23(5), 801-806.
Evans, M. R., Anderson, N. A., & Wilkins. H. F. (1990). Temperature and GA3 effects on emergence and flowering of potted Paeonia lactiflora. Hort. Sci., 25(8), 923-924.
Misiha, A., & A., El Ashry. (1991) Seed germination and seedling growth of Magnolia grandiflora. Bulletin of faculty of Agriculture, 42(3), 869-879. University of Cairo.
Montero, R., Herrera, J., & R. Ali Gaza. (1992). Effect of GA3 and prechilling on dormancy breaking in snap dragon seeds.
Aelbrecht, J. (1989). The effect of different treatment on the germination of Lowsia hybrid seeds. Acta Horticulture, 252, 239- 245.
Anand, V. K., Chibbar, R. N., & Nanda, K. K. (1972). Effects of GA3 and IBA on rooting and on the sprouting of buds on stem cuttings of Ipomea fistulosa. Plant and Cell Physiology, 13(5), 917-921.
Mukhopadhaya, D. P., & Bose, T. K. (1966). Improvement in the method of vegetative propagation in some varieties of bogainvilleas. Indian J. Hort., 23, 185-186.
Eldabh, R. S., Awad, A. E., & Nakin, A. (1981). Effect of growth regulators on twip. Hort. Abstr., 51(1), 49.
Saniewski, M., Mynett, K., Nowak, J., & Rudnicki, R. M. (1975). Studies on the effect of growth regulation on the growth and development of tulips. Hort. Abstr., 48(9), 742.
Mugge, A. (1988). Effect of succinnic acid on the vegetative propagation of tullips. Hort. Abstr., 58(8), 555.
Okagami, N., Esashi, Y., & Nagers, M. (1977). Gibberelium inferred inhibition and promotion of sprouting in aerial tubers of
Begonia eransiana Andr. In relation to photoperiodic treatment and tuber stage. Planta, 136(1), 1-6.
EL-Shafie, S. A., & Heisel, C. (1977). Effect of growth regulators on the rooting of Dieffenbashia pieta cuttings. Hort. Abstr., 48(7), 594.
Schmidt, G. (1977). Effect of -NAA on the rooting of soft word cuttings of some lilae cultivars. Kertgazawsag, 9(4), 53-62.
Roychoudhuri, N. J. Biswas, Dhua, R. S., & Mitra, S. K. (1985). Effect of chemicals on germination growth, flowering and corm yield of gladiolus. Indian Agriculturist, 29(3), 215-217.
Cocozzatalia, M. (1985). Further research about the effect to gibberellic acid upon freesia flowering. Acta Horticulture, 167, 187- 191.
Cort, B. E., & Widmer, R. E. (1987). Gibberellic acid increases flower number in Zantedeschia elliottina and Z. Rehmannii. Hort. Science, 22(4), 605-607.
Belorkar, P. U., Patil, B. N., Dhumal, B. S., Golliwar, U. J., & Dalai, S. D. (1993). Effect of nitrogen level and GA3 on growth, flowering and yield of tuberose. Journal of Soils and Crops, 3(2), 106-108.
Haribarua, Preeti, Gogoi, S., & Mazumder, A. (1997). Effect of preplant chemical treatment of bulbs on growth and flowering of tuberose. cv. Single. Annals of Biology, 13(1), 145-149.
Nagaraja, G. S., Gowda, J. U. N., & Faroogui, A. A. (1999). Effect of growth regulators on growth and flowering of tuberose. cv. single. Karnataka J. Agrl. Sci., 12(1/4), 236-238.
Tiwari, J. K., & Singh, R. P. (2002). Effect of preplanting GA3 treatments on tuberose. J. Ornamental Hort., 5(2), 44-45.
Misha, Ashutosh, Chaturvedi, O. P., & Bhalla, Rajesh. (2000). Effect of GA3 and IAA on growth and flowering of football lily. J. Ornamental Horticulture, 3(1), 56-57.
Morpeth, D. R., & Hall, A. M. (2000). Microbial enhancement seed germination in Rosa corymtifera 'Laxa'. Seed Sci. & Res., 19(4), 489-494.
Vijayan, R. (2002). Seed Hardening and Conditioning in Zinnia and Gaillardia (M.Sc. (Ag.) Thesis). Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore
Sathiyanarayanan, G. (2000). Seed Technological Studies in Phlox cv. Globe Mix. (M.Sc. (Ag.) Thesis). Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore.
Qrunfleti, M. M. (1986). Influence of growth regulators on seed germination and seedling growth of five cyclamen hybrids. Dirasat, 13(5), 37-49.
Vlahos, J. C. (1985). Effect of BA and GA3 on smoulting to Achievements rhizomes. Acta Horticulrure, 167, 1985.
Austin, R. B., Longden, P. C., Hegarty, T. W., Thomas, T. H., & Manda, R. B. (1973). Pre-sowing seed treatments. In Seed Biology (Ed.) W. Heydecker, Butterworths, London, pp 521-531.
Chellapa, M., & Karivaratharaju, T. V. (1973). Effect of pre-soaking treatments with phytochromes on the yield of groundnut. Madras Agric. J., 69(9/12), 1462-1464.
Begum, M, Lavania, M. L., & Ratnababu, G. H. V. (1997). Effect of pre-sowing treatments on seed and seedling vigour in papaya. Seed Res., 5(1), 9-15.
Chawan, A. R., & Choudhri, P. I. (1967). Interaction of GA and light on the germination and growth of seedling of cotton var. Digvijay. Indian J. Plant Physiol., 10, 76-83.
Chen, S. S. C., & J., L. L. Chang, (1972). Plant Physiol., 49, 441-442.
Chen, S. S. C., & Park, W. M. (1973). Plant Physiol., 52, 174-176.
Chhipa, B. R., & Lal, P. (1988). Effect of presoaked treatments in wheat grown on sodic soils. Indian J. Plant Physiol., 31, 183-185.
Das, S. N., Das, S. C., & Acharya, A. (1989). Role of growth regulators on accelerated rooting of betal vine cuttings. Orissa J. Agric. Res. 3, 18-21.
Hatano, K., & Asakawa, S. (1964). Physiological process in forest tree seeds during maturation stage and germination. International Review of Forestry Research, 1, 279-323.
Ho, D.T. & J., E. Varner. (1974). In Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 71, 4783-4786.
Jacobson, J. V., & J., A. Zwar. (1974). Aust. J. Plant Physiol., 1, 343-356.
Jerlin, R., Vadivelu, K. K., & Srimathi, P. (1997). Effect of growth regulators on seedling attributes of acacia mellifera. J. Tropical Forest Sci., 10(1), 130-132.
Jhorar, B. S., Varma, S. K., & Agarwal, R. P. (1982). Effect of GA on the seedling émergence and early growth of cotton. Indian J. Plant Physiol., 25(4), 423-426.
Padmajarao, S. (1979). Combined effect of phtochromes following seed treatment on yield and nutritive value in legume. Indian J. Agric ., 13(2), 69-74.
Seenu, G. (1987). Seed Quality Studies in Acid Lime (M.Sc. (Ag.) Thesis). Coimbatore: Tamil Nadu Agricultural University.
Taiz, L., & Honigman, W. A. (1976). Plant Physiol., 58, 380-386.
Wood, A., Paleg, L. G., & Spotswood, T. M. (1974). Aust. J. Plant Physiol., 1, 167-169.
Wood, A., & Paleg, L. G. (1974). Aust. J. Plant Physiol., 1, 31-40.
Renard, H. A., & Clere P. (1978). Dormany breaking with gibberellins in four species, Impatiens balsamina, Lavandula angustifolia, Brassica rapa and Viola odorata. Seed Sci. and Technol., 6(3), 661-677.
William, J. C. (1991). Priming improves high-temperature germination to pansy seed. Hort. Sci., 26(5), 541-544.
Sharga, A. N., Motial, U. S., & Basario, K. K. (1970). The effect of GA3 (Seed treatment) on the germination, vegetative growth, quantity and quality of marigold flowers. Sci. and Cult., 36, 279-280.
Selvaraju, P., & Selvaraj, J. A. (1994). Effect of presowing treatments on germination and vigour of seed in marigold (Tagetes patula L.). Madras Agric. J., 81(9), 496-497.
Hartwigsen, J. A., & Evans, M. R. (2000). Humic acid and substance treatments promotes seedling root development. Hort. Science, 35(7), 1231-1233.
Thompson, P. A. (1970). Effect of temperature, chilling and treatment with gibberellins on the germination of primila species. J. Hort. Sci., 45, 175-185.
Chavagnat, B. (1981). Erude de la germination des semences de prumula obconisa. Seed Sci. & Technol., 577-586.
Miller, E. A., & Holcombj E. J. (1982). Effect of GA3 on germination of Primula vulgaris Huds and Primula x pulyantha. Hort. Sci., 17(5), 814-815.
Finch-Savage, W. E., Gary, D., & Dickson, G. M. (1991). Germination responses to seven bedding plant species to environmental condition and gibberallic acid. Seed Sci. &Technol., 19, 487-494.
Heit, C. E. (1971). Germination studies with geranium seed. In Proceedings of the Association of official seed Analysts, 61, 105- 111.
Vorobeva, V. F. (1977). Changes in the morphological characteristics and developmental rhythm of china asters under the influence of bacterial fertilizers. Seed Abstr. 1(7), 189.
Serebryakova, N. V., & Kalanova, A. I. (1977). The effect of water-soluble vitamins on rose seed germination and rooting of cuttings. Seed Abstr. 1(7), 188.
Renard, H. A., & Clera, P. (1978). Dormany breaking with gibberellins in four species, Impatiens balsamina, Lavandula angustifolia, Brassica rapa & Viola odorata. Seed Sci. & Technol., 6(3), 661-677.
Bose, S., & Basu, S. (1967). Plant growth, flowering and fruiting in Impatiens balsamina L. Following seed treatment with diethyl sulphate. Sci. and cult. 33, 378-379.
Jouret, M. F. (1977). Gibberellic acid and seed dormancy breaking in Impatiens paliflora, T. glanduliflora and T. balfourii. Hort. Abstr., 48(6), 510.
Persson, B. (1993). Enhancement of seed germination in ornamental plants by growth regulators infused via. acetone. Seed Sci. and Tech., 21(2), 281-290.
Venter, H. A. (1978). Effect of various treatments on germination of dormant seeds of Strelitizia reginae Ait. J. of South African Bot., 34(2), 103-110.
Barkar, G. J. (1980). Effect of seed treatments with gibbernelic acid on germination of winter annuals. South Indian Hort., 28(2), 60-61.
Xu, B. M., & Z. H. Gu. (1985). Effect of sulphuric acid treatment in breaking dormancy in hard seeds. Plant Physiology Communications, 2, 22-25.
Hetman, J., Laskowska, J., Durlale, W., & Martyn, W. (1996). Preliminary studies on the possibility of utilizing acrylic gels for seed dressing of some ornamental species. Seed Abstr. 20(2), 486.
Grimstad, S. O. (1986). Effect of GA3, temperature and storage on seed germination of beather (Callina vulgaris) Hort. Abstr. 56(2), 129.
Lee, S. W., & Lee, J. M. (1986). Effect of cultivar, sowing media. Seed size and gibberellin treatment on seed germination and seedling growth in Cyclamen persicum. J. Korean society for Horticultural Science, 27(3), 283-288.
Gonzalez, P. & Villalobes, E. (1988). Breaking seed dormancy in Petania hybrida with gibberellic acid and stratification treatments. Agronomae Costaricense, 12(1), 19-25.
Gonzalez, P. & Viualbos, E. (1991). Breaking seed dormancy in petunia hybrida with GA3 and stratification treatments. Seed Abstr. 14(11/12), 473.
Finch-Savage, W. E., Gary, D., & Dickson, G. M. (1991). Germination responses to seven bedding plant species to environmental condition and gibberallic acid. Seed Sci. &Technol., 19, 487-494.
Abdallah, M. M. F., Jones, R. A., & El-Betagy, A. S. (1989). An efficient method of overcome seeds dormancy in scotch hroom (Cytisus scooparitus). Envtal and Exptal Botany, 29(4), 499-505.
Grezesik, M., & Chojnowski, M. (1992). Effect of growth regulators on plant growth and seed yield of Zinnia elegans, Red Man’s. Seed Sci. & Technol., 20(2), 327-330.
Grezesik, M. (1989). Effect of growth regulators on the seedling growth of Lathyrus odoratus, Zinnia elagans, Matthiala incana and Antirrhinum majus. Acta Horticultura, 251, 71-74.
Blamowski, Z. K., & Borowski, E. (1995). Effects of long chairm aliphatic alcohols on seed germination and seedlings growth of Allium crpa L. and Zinnia elegans Jacq. Seed Abstr. 20(8), 351.
Ogawa, K. & Iwabushi, M. (2001). A maturation for promoting the germination of Zennia elegans seeds by hydrogen peroxide. Plant Cell and Bioassay, 42(3), 286-291.
Grezesik, M. (1995). Effect of growth regulators on plant growth and seed yield of Matthiola incanol Brilliant. “Barbera”. Seed Sci. & Technol., 23(5), 801-806.
Evans, M. R., Anderson, N. A., & Wilkins. H. F. (1990). Temperature and GA3 effects on emergence and flowering of potted Paeonia lactiflora. Hort. Sci., 25(8), 923-924.
Misiha, A., & A., El Ashry. (1991) Seed germination and seedling growth of Magnolia grandiflora. Bulletin of faculty of Agriculture, 42(3), 869-879. University of Cairo.
Montero, R., Herrera, J., & R. Ali Gaza. (1992). Effect of GA3 and prechilling on dormancy breaking in snap dragon seeds.
Aelbrecht, J. (1989). The effect of different treatment on the germination of Lowsia hybrid seeds. Acta Horticulture, 252, 239- 245.
Anand, V. K., Chibbar, R. N., & Nanda, K. K. (1972). Effects of GA3 and IBA on rooting and on the sprouting of buds on stem cuttings of Ipomea fistulosa. Plant and Cell Physiology, 13(5), 917-921.
Mukhopadhaya, D. P., & Bose, T. K. (1966). Improvement in the method of vegetative propagation in some varieties of bogainvilleas. Indian J. Hort., 23, 185-186.
Eldabh, R. S., Awad, A. E., & Nakin, A. (1981). Effect of growth regulators on twip. Hort. Abstr., 51(1), 49.
Saniewski, M., Mynett, K., Nowak, J., & Rudnicki, R. M. (1975). Studies on the effect of growth regulation on the growth and development of tulips. Hort. Abstr., 48(9), 742.
Mugge, A. (1988). Effect of succinnic acid on the vegetative propagation of tullips. Hort. Abstr., 58(8), 555.
Okagami, N., Esashi, Y., & Nagers, M. (1977). Gibberelium inferred inhibition and promotion of sprouting in aerial tubers of
Begonia eransiana Andr. In relation to photoperiodic treatment and tuber stage. Planta, 136(1), 1-6.
EL-Shafie, S. A., & Heisel, C. (1977). Effect of growth regulators on the rooting of Dieffenbashia pieta cuttings. Hort. Abstr., 48(7), 594.
Schmidt, G. (1977). Effect of -NAA on the rooting of soft word cuttings of some lilae cultivars. Kertgazawsag, 9(4), 53-62.
Roychoudhuri, N. J. Biswas, Dhua, R. S., & Mitra, S. K. (1985). Effect of chemicals on germination growth, flowering and corm yield of gladiolus. Indian Agriculturist, 29(3), 215-217.
Cocozzatalia, M. (1985). Further research about the effect to gibberellic acid upon freesia flowering. Acta Horticulture, 167, 187- 191.
Cort, B. E., & Widmer, R. E. (1987). Gibberellic acid increases flower number in Zantedeschia elliottina and Z. Rehmannii. Hort. Science, 22(4), 605-607.
Belorkar, P. U., Patil, B. N., Dhumal, B. S., Golliwar, U. J., & Dalai, S. D. (1993). Effect of nitrogen level and GA3 on growth, flowering and yield of tuberose. Journal of Soils and Crops, 3(2), 106-108.
Haribarua, Preeti, Gogoi, S., & Mazumder, A. (1997). Effect of preplant chemical treatment of bulbs on growth and flowering of tuberose. cv. Single. Annals of Biology, 13(1), 145-149.
Nagaraja, G. S., Gowda, J. U. N., & Faroogui, A. A. (1999). Effect of growth regulators on growth and flowering of tuberose. cv. single. Karnataka J. Agrl. Sci., 12(1/4), 236-238.
Tiwari, J. K., & Singh, R. P. (2002). Effect of preplanting GA3 treatments on tuberose. J. Ornamental Hort., 5(2), 44-45.
Misha, Ashutosh, Chaturvedi, O. P., & Bhalla, Rajesh. (2000). Effect of GA3 and IAA on growth and flowering of football lily. J. Ornamental Horticulture, 3(1), 56-57.
Morpeth, D. R., & Hall, A. M. (2000). Microbial enhancement seed germination in Rosa corymtifera 'Laxa'. Seed Sci. & Res., 19(4), 489-494.
Vijayan, R. (2002). Seed Hardening and Conditioning in Zinnia and Gaillardia (M.Sc. (Ag.) Thesis). Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore
Sathiyanarayanan, G. (2000). Seed Technological Studies in Phlox cv. Globe Mix. (M.Sc. (Ag.) Thesis). Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore.
Qrunfleti, M. M. (1986). Influence of growth regulators on seed germination and seedling growth of five cyclamen hybrids. Dirasat, 13(5), 37-49.
Vlahos, J. C. (1985). Effect of BA and GA3 on smoulting to Achievements rhizomes. Acta Horticulrure, 167, 1985.
Austin, R. B., Longden, P. C., Hegarty, T. W., Thomas, T. H., & Manda, R. B. (1973). Pre-sowing seed treatments. In Seed Biology (Ed.) W. Heydecker, Butterworths, London, pp 521-531.
Chellapa, M., & Karivaratharaju, T. V. (1973). Effect of pre-soaking treatments with phytochromes on the yield of groundnut. Madras Agric. J., 69(9/12), 1462-1464.
Begum, M, Lavania, M. L., & Ratnababu, G. H. V. (1997). Effect of pre-sowing treatments on seed and seedling vigour in papaya. Seed Res., 5(1), 9-15.
Chawan, A. R., & Choudhri, P. I. (1967). Interaction of GA and light on the germination and growth of seedling of cotton var. Digvijay. Indian J. Plant Physiol., 10, 76-83.
Chen, S. S. C., & J., L. L. Chang, (1972). Plant Physiol., 49, 441-442.
Chen, S. S. C., & Park, W. M. (1973). Plant Physiol., 52, 174-176.
Chhipa, B. R., & Lal, P. (1988). Effect of presoaked treatments in wheat grown on sodic soils. Indian J. Plant Physiol., 31, 183-185.
Das, S. N., Das, S. C., & Acharya, A. (1989). Role of growth regulators on accelerated rooting of betal vine cuttings. Orissa J. Agric. Res. 3, 18-21.
Hatano, K., & Asakawa, S. (1964). Physiological process in forest tree seeds during maturation stage and germination. International Review of Forestry Research, 1, 279-323.
Ho, D.T. & J., E. Varner. (1974). In Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 71, 4783-4786.
Jacobson, J. V., & J., A. Zwar. (1974). Aust. J. Plant Physiol., 1, 343-356.
Jerlin, R., Vadivelu, K. K., & Srimathi, P. (1997). Effect of growth regulators on seedling attributes of acacia mellifera. J. Tropical Forest Sci., 10(1), 130-132.
Jhorar, B. S., Varma, S. K., & Agarwal, R. P. (1982). Effect of GA on the seedling émergence and early growth of cotton. Indian J. Plant Physiol., 25(4), 423-426.
Padmajarao, S. (1979). Combined effect of phtochromes following seed treatment on yield and nutritive value in legume. Indian J. Agric ., 13(2), 69-74.
Seenu, G. (1987). Seed Quality Studies in Acid Lime (M.Sc. (Ag.) Thesis). Coimbatore: Tamil Nadu Agricultural University.
Taiz, L., & Honigman, W. A. (1976). Plant Physiol., 58, 380-386.
Wood, A., Paleg, L. G., & Spotswood, T. M. (1974). Aust. J. Plant Physiol., 1, 167-169.
Wood, A., & Paleg, L. G. (1974). Aust. J. Plant Physiol., 1, 31-40.
How to Cite
Dr. K. Natarajan. (2018). EFFECT OF PRE-SOWING SEED TREATMENT ON YIELD ATTRIBUTING CHARACTERS AND SEED YIELD IN FLOWER CROPS. International Journal of Trade and Global Business Perspectives, 7(02), 3902-3923. Retrieved from https://tgbp.gfer.org/index.php/tgbp/article/view/7
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